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Youth in transition
Youth has been described as a time of changing relationships, beliefs and behaviours, providing avenues to widen horizons, explore new options and develop new friendships. It has also been described as a nomadic experience where young people move in and out of identities as they move towards ideas about adulthood and financial independence, both of which are influenced by prevailing social and economic conditions and traditional social divisions.
Aspirations and achievement
Analysis of a recent survey of different socio-economic groups in the UK showed that teens from lower income families regarded jobs, education and marriage as less significant markers of social success. Confidence and aspiration were also shown to be affected by economic background. A far greater percentage from wealthier families felt they could realise their ambition, compared with those from lower income families.
Multicultural issues
It is recognised that the UK is a multi-cultural society with a variety of ethnic groups representing a wide range of cultures, religions, languages and beliefs. The idea of the UK as a white homogenous nation devalues minority cultures, ignoring significant aspects of people's lives and acting as a platform for racist attitudes and actions. This in turn results in barriers to understanding and good practice in working with people.
Unplanned and unprotected sex
A recent review of research unto young people's attitudes to various aspects of sexual behaviour found that those from more socially deprived groups found abortion to be less acceptable than those from more socially advantaged groups. Both groups reported sexual behaviour that involved risk of becoming pregnant but the more socially advantaged groups were more likely to use emergency contraception. Risky behaviour was found to be similar in both groups but access to services varied.
Openly gay
Recent research into young people's views suggests that at present, schools are not generally considered safe environments in which to discuss gay issues in much depth, nor are they considered safe places to 'come out'. However, there is an expressed need for information, education and informed discussion, all of which are essential if attitudes towards homosexuality are to change and our society is to be truly inclusive. It is important therefore to provide and use appropriate learning opportunities in a positive way which neither ducks the issues, contributes to hype nor leaves any student or teacher exposed or vulnerable in school or out.
Not out
Issues faced by young people who are keeping their sexuality hidden are potentially many and varied and revolve around loneliness, isolation, living a lie, anxiety about people finding out, feelings of not achieving full potential, lack of sexual fulfilment, lack of real understanding and support from others, and health problems including depression. Social attitudes may also cause people to make choices about relationships and marriage which they might later regret and this could have a major impact on the lives of partners and children if they begin to feel differently about their choice in the future.
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