A. Select ONE option to complete the following statements:

1. P waves are HIGH / LOW frequency waves

2. P waves CAN / CANNOT pass through liquids

3. S waves have a LONG / SHORT wavelength

4. S waves are LONGITUDINAL / TRANSVERSE waves

5. Both P & S waves CAN / CANNOT be reflected and refracted

6. L waves are HIGH / LOW frequency waves

7. L waves are LONGITUDINAL / TRANSVERSE waves

8. L waves travel NEAR TO THE SURFACE / DEEP IN THE EARTH

9. L waves travel FASTEST / SLOWEST

10. P / S / L waves cause most damage

B.

Seismogram A (in question A) and Seismogram B (above) record the same earthquake. Answer the following questions, which examine the differences between them.

1. The shockwaves recorded on Seismogram B are GREATER / SMALLER than those recorded on Seismogram A.

2. This suggests that Seismogram B was located NEARER TO / FURTHER AWAY FROM the Epicentre then Seismogram A.

3. The P / S / L waves are missing from Seismogram B.

4. What could stop the movement of these waves?

5. What does this tell you about the structure of the Earth?

C.

The base of the Earth's crust occurs at the depth represented by Line A.

1. Which section of the graph represents the Earth's mantle?

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2. Explain the sudden change in P-wave speed at the depth represented by B.

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