Main Focus

• The causes and effects of migration.
• The reasons for the location, growth and nature of individual settlements.
• How changes in the functions of settlements occur and how these changes affect different groups of people.
• Types and patterns of urban land use.
• The differences between primary, secondary and tertiary industries.

Secondary Focus

• Geographical patterns, and physical and human processes.
• How places are interdependent, and how they may be affected by processes operating at different scales — for example, how a locality is affected by a regional economic policy or a world trade agreement.
• The ways in which a country may be judged to be more or less developed.
• How a country is interdependent with other countries and its setting in a global context.
• How population and resources are interrelated.
• How the goods and services provided in settlements of different sizes vary.
• The geographical distribution of an economic activity.
• How the distribution of an economic activity has changed and is changing, and the effects of such changes.

Main Focus

• Develop awareness of the ways in which people interact with their environments, and appreciate the opportunities, challenges and constraints that face people in different places.

Secondary Focus

• Acquire knowledge and understanding of a range of places and environments at a range of scales from local to global, and understand the physical and human processes which affect their development.
• Develop a sense of place and appreciate a sensitive awareness of the environment; the significance of the attitudes and values of decision-makers in the management of the environment and human activities on the planet earth and an empathy with people in our own and other societies through an awareness of the constrasting opportunities and constraints facing people living in different places under different physical and human conditions.

• The Challege of Urban Environments: patterns and processes of urban growth; patterns of land use; dynamism in urban areas; migration; the challenge of change in urban environments.
• The Impact of Economic Change: what economic change is; changes in the location of economic activity; economic growth and decline.

Intermediate Geography:

• People and the Environment (Global Issues): development and health; environmental hazards.

Higher Geography

• Population geography: population data; migration.
• Rural geography: land use data.
• Industrial geography: old and new industries; employment surveys.
• Applications: rural land resources; rural land degradation; river basin management; urban change and its management.