Linear earthwork
Linear earthworks are usually banks and ditches that run across country, often for several miles. Today, there may appear to be no reason for their courses, but clearly there was one at the time of construction. Many seem to date from the later Bronze Age and the Iron Age and are assumed to be related to land divisions and ranching, while others dating to the so-called Dark Ages are territorial boundaries – eg Offa's Dyke and the Wansdyke. See also dykes.

Listed buildings
These are buildings, and structures such as bridges, which have been placed on a statutory list and so are protected by the various planning and conservation Acts because they have been assessed as being of architectural and/or historical importance. Grade I buildings include some of the most magnificent houses in Britain, whereas many of the Grade II buildings are the normal vernacular structures that comprise many of the villages and townscapes in which we live. Of these, Grade II* buildings have particularly good interiors. Despite legislation, a number of important buildings are lost each year through the activities of insensitive and unscrupulous owners and the inability (or lack of will) of local authorities and national government to press for the preservation of buildings. See also scheduled ancient monuments.

Logboats
See dugouts.

Lynchets
These are little steps that form between fields usually as a result of ploughing, as the soil gradually moves downhill to pile up against a field boundary. They have caused a lot of trouble in the past as it was not clear when they might have developed. In prehistoric and Roman fields, which tend to be square or rectangular in plan, there are often lynchets along the sides of those that are on slopes. Elsewhere there are strip lynchets on the sides of hills, which have now been shown to be strips of the medieval common field system developed on steep slopes; as a result, they can be seen as parts of the open fields surrounding many medieval settlements. Whether these lynchets were constructed deliberately or came about as a result of ploughing is still not certain.