Language

Since their discovery over 150 years ago, scientists have argued about whether Neanderthals had a language and how it might have sounded. Some believe that Neanderthals would have had a language as rich and complex as those used today. Others suggest that they would have done little more than grunt.

After consulation with some of the leading protagonists in the debate, Neanderthal gave its Neanderthals a limited spoken language. It had a small vocabulary and simple grammar.

The language was adapted from the one written by Anthony Burgess for the film, Quest for Fire. Ailsa Berk, a specialist in primate movement, ran a training programme to teach the actors their new language. As well as learning how to pronounce the spoken words, the actors also had to learn the body movements that accompanied them.

English Neanderthal
AGAIN Ri (RI:: ) (Scottish Rolled 'R')
AGRESSION BUILDING TO CRESCENDO

(Note: A development of sounds and physical action performed by the group, essentially a three stage progression, perhaps one member of the group could start later progression before main group has stopped)

T'KA - T'KA - T'KA(Very quick)

D'GA - D'GA - D'GA

ARR
ANG
ARM

ALARM

OOOWA (uu::::wa!)

Suggested alternatives
OOOb. OOOM

REPLY TO ALARM (WHEN QUESTIONED BY MAIN GROUP) WA WA (wa wa)
ALIVE (FIRE LIVES)

HIDOOP (hi'du::p)

ANGER SMER
(modified from SMERDOLOR).
Also extended 's' to long 'ssss' resembling spitting sound. ('smerdolor)
BAD GARSNA ('ga:rsn(a))
BIG MEG (me:g)
BROTHER BRATT (brat)
BROKEN VRAGDA ('vragda)
COLD FRIKA (fri.ka)
DEATH VRAGDA ('vrag'dat)MARDI ('ma:di)
TO DRINK ESSACHAI AGA (Esa'tSai-aga)
TO EAT ESSACHAI (Esa'tSai)
ENEMY
NON FRIEND
NYIMI (nji'mi)
NYIMIZI (nji'mi:zi)
NAKYIMI (nak'ji:mi)
FAR PAU (pa::u)
FIRE ATRA ('atra)
FIGHT SLACKH ('slax)
FOOD ESTACHAI (esa'tSai)
FOLLOW
(AFTER, BEHIND)
EFTEMA (eftmeta)
FRIEND YEEMI (ji:mi)
TO GO DJAN ('dza?an)
FOREST(tree-tree) DONDR- DONDR (dondr-dondr)
GOOD OTIM ('otim)
GIVE DOW ('d-o-:e)
(o sound through nose)
GREETING KHONIA ('xonja)
HEAVY PYOM (pjøo:m)
HIGH
(HEIGHT)
(eelt) : very high
(alt) : high
(ølt) : level
(elt) : low
(alt) : very low
(extended vowel for graduation)
HOT RIARTCHSS (ri'a:rtS)
HOW MANY
(REPLY TO ABOVE)
KWAN (Kuan)
TAAN (tan)
HUNGER
(FOOD WANT)
ESSACHAI VOW (esa'tSai vau)
HUNT TIR PRENG ('tir pre-nj)
I YEYKA ('jEk(a))
MAMMOTH TIR MEG (tir me::g)
MAN VIR (vir)
MOON WUUB (wu:b)
OK HAN ('an)
OVER THERE SITO PAUH (sito pau: )
PAIN SMERDOLOR ('smerdolor)
QUICK
(QUICKLY)
VITRASH (vi.traS)
RAIN AGA KEL (aga ke:l)
REINDEER TIR DONDR (tir dondr)
RUN KORO (koro)
SKY KEL (ke:l)
TO SLEEP DOMADISHL ('domadisSl)
STOP MOR (mor)
STRONG KRAS (kras)
SUN OGODION (odo djøn)
TALK DEKTE ('dEkta)
THEY TIKAM ('tikam)
TREE (GOT?) DONDR (dondr)
WATER AGA (aga)
WEAPON SLAKHATAKA ('slaxtaka)
WHAT KWOLA ('kwola)
WOLF WUFTUR ('lwu.ftur)
WOMAN VIRKU (virku)
WOUNDED VRAGDA ('vragda)
YES SIYEDA (siyeda)
YOU VADA ('vada)

back to the top of the page