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1951
• In the Korean War, both sides launch offensives and counter-offensives, and the opposing forces seesaw back and forth from north to south. • On 19 February in Iran, Dr Muhammad Mussadeq recommends that the Iranian oil industry should be nationalised. This becomes law on 20 March and results in a major crisis with Britain, whose Anglo-Iranian Oil Company had previously exploited this resource for itself. On 28 April, Mussadeq becomes prime minister. • On 29 March, in the United States, Julius and Ethel Rosenberg are sentenced to death as Soviet spies in an atmosphere of Cold War hysteria. They are both executed on 19 June 1953. • On 11 April, US General Douglas MacArthur is relieved of his command in Korea for advocating the extension of the war into China and the use of nuclear weapons. • On 16 October, Pakistani prime minister Liaquat Ali Khan is assassinated by an Afghan fanatic. • On 25 October, the British Conservatives win the general election. The 77- year-old Winston Churchill returns as prime minister. • On 24 December, Libya becomes independent – the first independent state to be created by the UN. • American surgeon John Gibbon Jr develops first heart-lung machine. • National television broadcasting begins in the United States. • American actor Marlon Brando stars in the film version of Tennessee Williams's play A Streetcar Named Desire, which originally opened on Broadway on 3 December 1947. |
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