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1923
• In Egypt, King Faud is installed as a constitutional monarch by the British. • As the Ottoman empire is dismantled, the League of Nations grants Britain a mandate over Palestine, Jordan and Iraq, while France is granted a mandate over Syria. • On 20 May, British prime minister Andrew Bonar Law resigns due to ill health. Stanley Baldwin takes over as Conservative prime minister. • On 2 August, the 57-year-old US president Warren Harding dies suddenly and is succeeded by the vice president Calvin Coolidge. • On 8-9 November, Adolf Hitler, hoping to imitate Mussolini's 1922 March on Rome, leads an unsuccessful attempt to seize power in Munich. He is imprisoned. • The value of the German Mark plummets to a rate of 4.2 million to the US dollar. • The zip is invented. • Viennese composer Arnold Schoenberg completes his Serenade, the first piece of music to use the atonal 12-note serialism, a new, controversial method of composition. • American composer George Gershwin's Rhapsody in Blue is first performed in New York. • American film-maker Cecil B De Mille makes his first version of the epic The Ten Commandments. • American blues singer Bessie Smith makes her first record. |
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