1921

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• In Russia, the anarchist Kronstadt rebellion is suppressed by Lenin and Trotsky in March.

• On 23 August, Faisal I is made king of Iraq in compensation for being refused the crown of Syria, which he helped liberate from Ottoman rule during World War I, after that country becomes a French mandate.

• On 6 December, the Irish War of Independence (began 1919) ends with the British-Irish Treaty, which grants southern Ireland virtual independence while six northern counties remain British. This partition leads to civil war in the south.

• Under the leadership of Abd al-Krim, the Berbers of Rif (Morocco) successfully attack Spanish and French troops, and establish a republic.

• The Chinese Communist Party is founded in July.

• In Japan, Crown Prince Hirohito is named regent.

• Italian playwright Luigi Pirandello's modernist play Sei personaggi in cerca d'autore (Six Characters in Search of an Author) causes uproar when it is first performed in Rome.

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