16 October 1878
2nd Afghan War

Previous event | Timeline | Next event

Once again, Britain believes that its control of India is threatened by Russia. In 1876, Britain annexes Baluchistan – the beginning of a policy devised by Lord Lytton, viceroy of India, and Lord Cranbrook, India secretary, to take over states on India's north-west frontier to create a buffer against the tsar.

Two years later, angered that the Afghan ruler Amir Yakub has, once again, instituted friendly relations with Russia (see 1st Afghan War), the British order their troops to invade Afghanistan. As in 1840, they occupy the capital Kabul, force Amir Yakub to abdicate and place their own man on the throne. Afghanistan cedes the Khyber Pass and other lands to British control.

The new king brings stability to Afghanistan, settling territorial disputes with India and Russia and creating a standing army. However, a third war with Britain will follow in 1917 before Britain recognises the nation's independence.

Top