29 June 1871
Trade Union Act

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Trade unions are recognised by law. This comes after lobbying from the 'new model unions' (see 1868 Trades Union Congress), which represent skilled workers. Because the government is worried that strikes might turn violent, it also passes a law making 'intimidation' illegal during strikes. Magistrates seize on the label and apply it to all kinds of strike- and union-related activity. Many trade unionists are charged. Following sustained pressure on the government, the law is amended in 1875 to allow peaceful picketing.

Union membership grows to 750,000 by the late 1880s, but remains limited to skilled workers. This changes with the coming of the 'new unions' (see 1889 Great London Dock Strike).

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