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31 July 1588
The 'invincible' Armada, sent in May by the Catholic Philip II of Spain to transport troops for an invasion of England, is broken up by English fireships while anchored at Calais. Although unable to defeat the Spanish in open sea, the English succeed in disorganising the fleet, which is forced to sail up the North Sea and around Scotland in order to return home. The invasion is defeated. |
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