24 November 1542
Battle of Solway Moss

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The English defeat the Scots at the battle of Solway Moss, after war breaks out between Henry VIII and his nephew James V of Scotland over the latter's support for France. When James dies on 14 December, Henry frees Scots nobles captured at Solway Moss in return for their support for a marriage between his infant son, Prince Edward, and James V's daughter, Mary Queen of Scots, who inherits the throne when only six days old. Henry and, after his death, Protector Somerset then invade southern Scotland on several occasions, a campaign subsequently known as the 'Rough Wooing'.

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