The Battle of Britain:
A beginner's guide
Reading about the battle
Overviews
Battle
of Britain – Then & Now, edited by Winston G Ramsey
(After the Battle, 1989) £59.95
Daily chronology of the Battle of Britain, providing details of virtually
every crash or loss by both the RAF and the Luftwaffe, plus over 1,700 photographs
taken during 1940 matched with photographs of the same locations today as
comparisons. Also illustrates and details the graves, memorials, crash sites
and pilots of both the RAF and Luftwaffe. Unfortunately the 'Now' of the
title is 1980 so much of what is shown has now (2004) changed beyond all
recognition.
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Battle of Britain Illustrated by Paul Jacobs and Robert Lightsey
(McGraw-Hill Professional, 2002). US edition only; may be available
from online bookshops.
Through the innovative use of timelines, the authors explore the battle from
four perspectives: historical, technical, tactical, and artistic. Through
this, the complex interrelationship of history, technology and tactics on
both sides of the Channel during the summer of 1940 is presented in a stunning,
visual style.
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The Burning Blue: A new history of the Battle of Britain,
edited by Paul Addison and Jeremy Crang (Pimlico, 2000) £14
A collection of articles, from both British and German viewpoints, which
reassess all aspects of the battle and the myth that quickly grew up around
it.
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Fighter: The true story of the Battle of Britain by Len Deighton
(Castle, 2002) £15.99
Shows how the human factor influenced every twist and turn of the close-fought
battle, and makes clear how machines played a vital role.
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Battle of Britain by Len Deighton and Max Hastings (Wordsworth
Editions, 1999) £6.99
Deighton and Hastings look at how 'the Few' defended, depicting the reality
of the battle and how it was carried out, whether in the air, on the ground,
in the planning rooms or at home in towns and villages. It includes many
quotes by pilots of both sides, plenty of diagrams and cutaway drawings and
a brief look at the events after the battle.
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The Battle of Britain: The greatest battle in the history of air
warfare by Richard Townshend Bickers (Salamander, 1999). Out
of print; may be available from libraries or second-hand bookshops.
Contains details of all the participating pilots and the aircraft used by
both the Luftwaffe and the RAF, as well as a description of a day in the
life of both RAF and Luftwaffe pilots, plus numerous charts, diagrams and
photographs.
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Battle of Britain: New Perspectives by John Ray (Cassell
Military, 1994). Out of print; may be available from libraries or second-hand
bookshops.
More than a decade of new research is behind this reassessment of significant
elements of the battle, particularly the personality clashes in the RAF that
frequently threatened to be more dangerous than the Luftwaffe attacks. There
is also a detailed view from the Luftwaffe side, and an answer to the question:
why, at the end of his finest hour, was Dowding immediately retired to obscurity
and not rewarded as every other successful commander was?
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The Battle of Britain: The myth and the reality by Richard
Overy (W W Norton, 2002). US edition only; may be available from online
bookshops.
In his account, Overy analyses every element of the battle on both sides,
from the men and machines who fought and the tactics they employed to the
leadership and their strategies, and clarifies the significance of this pivotal
moment for Britain and the world. He holds that one of the most important
results of the battle was the urging of influential Americans for the United
States to take Britain's side. More importantly, the battle galvanised popular
opposition to Hitler in Britain and kept the country in the war at a time
when many politicians and citizens sought some accommodation with the Nazi
regime.
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this book
The Narrow Margin: The Battle of Britain and the rise of air power
1930–1949 by Derek Wood and Derek Dempster (Pen & Sword
Books/Leo Cooper, 2003). US edition only; may be available from online
bookshops.
Originally published in 1961, this book traces the varied fortunes of the
Royal Air Force in the 1930s, and shows how it readied itself for the mighty
German onslaught in the beautiful summer of 1940 and won a great victory
by the narrowest of margins. It provides a comprehensive account of the Battle
of Britain, including the day-by-day summaries of the battle. It is illustrated
with photographs and maps, and an appendix of the aircraft used by both the
Royal Air Force and the Luftwaffe with schematic drawings, plus a list of
all the pilots who flew in the battle from 10 July to 31 October 1940.
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Finest Hour by Tim Clayton and Phil Craig (Hodder & Stoughton,
2000) £12.99
An accessible layperson's ride through the political and military manoeuvrings
of 1940, a year that included a defeated, retreating British Expeditionary
Force, the miraculous evacuation at Dunkirk, the Battle of Britain, the evacuation
of children to America and the Blitz. The book particularly excels in the
quality of its eyewitness testimonies.
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Those who fought
Men of the Battle of Britain by Kenneth G Wynn (Gliddon Books,
1992). Out of print; may be available from libraries or second-hand bookshops.
Short
profiles of all the pilots: name, rank, serial number, squadrons served
in, number of claims, status and personal history if they survived the
war, as well as promotions and awards.
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Fighter Boys: Saving Britain by Patrick Bishop (HarperCollins,
2003) £20
The Battle of Britain was one of the most crucial ever
fought. For most of the 3,000 young British airmen involved, this was
their first real experience of combat. The pressure on the pilots, ground
crew and their controllers was unimaginable; at certain points in the
battle, a single blunder or failure of nerve could have tipped the balance
of the contest. Bishop creates a surprising portrait of the battle, drawing
on previously unseen source material and testimonies from survivors on
both sides. Against the background of wider strategic considerations,
he focuses on the lives and thoughts of the combatants, their attitudes
towards 'the enemy' and their aircraft, the fear, horror and exhilaration
of flight and battle, attempts by each side to gain the upper hand through
daring technological innovations, and the men's coping tactics, mess
room life and friendships.
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Duel of Eagles: The struggle for the skies from the First World War
to the Battle of Britain by Peter Townsend (Weidenfeld & Nicolson,
2000) £12.99
Although Townsend – a former Battle of Britain pilot himself (and
Princess Margaret's great love) – gives a thorough background to
events, especially to the rise to power of Hitler and Hermann Goring
(commander of the Luftwaffe), he concentrates on the lives of the young
pilots on both sides. For this book, originally published in the late
1960s, he interviewed pilots and their relatives (even Goring's daughter),
and collected some of the best eyewitness accounts available. Interspersed
are the poignant last letters home from pilots who did not survive.
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Reach for the Sky: The story of Douglas Bader – hero of the
Battle of Britain by Paul Brickhill (Cassell Military, 2000) £6.99
In
1931, Douglas Bader was the golden boy of the RAF. But all his ambitions
came to an abrupt end when he crashed his plane and surgeons were forced
to amputate both his legs to save his life. He did not fly again until
the outbreak of World War II. Flying Hurricanes in the Battle of Britain,
he led his squadron to kill after kill. Shot down in occupied France,
his German captors had to confiscate his tin legs in order to stop him
trying to escape.
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Dowding and Headquarters Fighter Command by Peter Flint (Airlife,
1996). Out of print; may be available from libraries or second-hand bookshops.
A
history of HQ Fighter Command at Bentley Priory, which recounts its preparations
for the D-Day assault, and its involvement with the flying bomb crisis,
with discussion of the contribution of Air Chief Marshal Hugh Dowding
to the organisation and its operations.
The Last Enemy by Richard Hillary (Pimlico, 1997) £10
This
classic, first published in 1942, recounts Hillary's experiences as a
fighter pilot in the Battle of Britain, during which he was shot down
in flames and terribly burned and spent months in hospital, undergoing
operations to rebuild his face and hands. His autobiography came out
just seven months before his death in a second crash.
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Park: The biography of Air Chief Marshall Sir Keith Park GCB,
KBE, MC, DFC, DCL by Vincent Orange (Grub Street, 2001) £12.99
As
commander of No. 11 Group, Fighter Command and responsible for the
air defence of London and south-east England, Park took charge of the
day-to-day direction of the Battle of Britain. This book covers the whole
of his career – ace fighter pilot in World War I, postings to South
America and Egypt, Battle of Britain, command of the RAF in Malta 1942/43,
and finally Allied Air commander-in-chief of South-east Asia under Mountbatten
in 1945. Drawn largely from unpublished sources and interviews with people
who knew Park, and illustrated with maps and photographs, this is an
authoritative biography of one of the world's greatest unsung heroes.
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Fly for Your Life: The story of Bob Stanford-Tuck by Larry Forrester
(Cerberus, 2002) £7.99
Bob Stanford-Tuck was a biographer's dream:
brilliant pilot, born leader, high-scoring Spitfire pilot, public hero
and close friend of great British aviation figures. In this book, originally
published in 1956, Forrester's easy style captures the tension, excitement
and laconic humour of RAF life from the 1930s through the Battle of Britain
and into the early fighter offensives into France.
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The Big Show: The greatest pilot's story of World War II by Pierre
Clostermann (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, to be published April 2004) £16.99
Pierre
Clostermann was a Free French fighter ace who flew with the RAF. His
account of the air war over Britain and France has become one of the
most famous memoirs of the Second World War. Unabridged for the first
time, it contains everything one could wish for in a war memoir: wonderfully
observed descriptions of wartime Britain, frighteningly evocative stories
of in-the-cockpit action, an amazing cast of characters and all the drama
and bravery of a man fighting a desperate war thousands of feet above
the ground.
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First Light by Geoffrey Wellum (Penguin, 2003) £7.99
Wellum
joined the Royal Air Force in 1939, at the age of 17. After piloting
Spitfires during the Battle of Britain and flying nearly 100 missions
over occupied France, he was mentally and physically exhausted – an
old man at 22. Drawing on notes he wrote at the time, here he re-creates
his wartime experiences. The book vividly evokes the realities of wartime
flying – the camaraderie, the scrambles, the dogfights, the night
flights, the foul weather. But it also gives us a moving portrait of
a boy in anguish over the loss of friends during training, who broods
over fears of failure – and survives to become a battle-hardened
ace, inured to death but never unaffected by it.
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Stapme: The biography of Squadron Leader Basil Gerald Stapleton DFC,
DFC (dutch) by David Ross (Grub Street, 2002) £17.99
South
African Gerald 'Stapme' Stapleton was one of the outstanding fighter
pilots of the Battle of Britain, accounting for nearly 20 enemy aircraft
destroyed, probably destroyed or damaged, all while flying Spitfires.
One of the real 'characters' to survive the war and, to many, the quintessential
image of a Battle of Britain fighter pilot.
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Spitfire into Battle by Group Captain W G G Duncan Smith DSO
DFC
(John Murray, 2002) £8.99
Duncan Smith flew front-line operations
continuously from the Battle of Britain through the struggle for Malta
to the invasion of Italy and the liberation of France. In this personal
and exhilarating account, the reader experiences first hand the dramatic
story of the air war from the cockpit of the now legendary Spitfire.
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Miscellaneous
The Hardest Day: Battle of Britain, 18 August 1940 by Alfred
Price (Cassell Military, 1998) £6.99
The story of a single day – Sunday, 18 August 1940 – when
the Luftwaffe launched three major assaults, in the course of which,
and in numerous smaller actions, 100 German and 136 British aircraft
were destroyed or damaged. On no other day in the Battle of Britain would
either side suffer a greater number of aircraft put out of action. This
is a minute-by-minute account of that day from the perspective of everyone
involved – British and German aircrew, behind-the-scenes planners
and strategists, and members of the public above whose countryside the
battle was waged.
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Spitfire Ace: Flying the Battle of Britain by Martin Davidson
and James Taylor (Channel 4 Books, 2004) £20
The authors have interviewed
many of the surviving pilots whose role in the air was so pivotal in
deciding the fate of a nation. Their personal accounts are interwoven
with a historical narrative of the events that led up to the war, and
a modern re-creation of the Spitfire flight.
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The Spitfire Log: A 60th anniversary tribute, edited
by Peter Haining (Souvenir, 1997) £10.99
Originally published in 1985 and
now revised, an account of the Spitfire's creation and its role in the
Battle of Britain, including a list of Spitfire squadrons and a guide
to where to see the plane today.
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A Piece of Cake by Derek Robinson (HarperCollins, 1993) £7.99
Derek
Robinson's novel about an RAF fighter squadron during the Battle for
France and the Battle of Britain won critical acclaim but upset Daily
Telegraph readers. His pilots are real human beings, far from convinced
of the wisdom of their military leaders or that of Churchill, for that
matter. The likelihood of being burned to death in a Hurricane concentrated
their minds on other things. Some turned to drink. Some turned on their
own in order to survive. Others – most notably the brilliantly
drawn anti-hero Flight Lieutenant 'Moggy' Cattermaul – scored a
succession of aerial victories even if his behaviour on the ground was
utterly unforgivable. A vivid and unforgettable portrait of young men
at war: real men, not the two-dimensional stiff-upper-lip heroes of legend.
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