Pound coins. Capital Gains Tax: Don't Get Stung

Property Development Capital Gains Tax: Don't Get Stung

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Date Published:
06/06/2008

Like anything else related to buying and selling houses, the ins and outs of capital gains tax can be... well, taxing. Find out if you should be filling in a tax return when you sell your property.

By Emma Jones

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Money. Capital Gains Tax: Don't Get Stung

Is My Property Liable?

If you have a second home, a house or flat that you rent out, or a property that you are developing as an investment, any profit ('capital gain') you make when you sell will be subject to capital gains tax (CGT).

CGT is payable on any property other than your main residence, so even if you stay in your holiday home for a substantial amount of time every year, unless you declare it as your only main residence at some point during your ownership, it will be liable for CGT when you sell it on.

Fulfil these criteria and you definitely won't pay capital gains tax on the sale of your property:

  • Throughout the period you owned it, it was your only home.
  • You did actually use it as your own home all the time you owned it.
  • Throughout the period you owned it, you only used it as a home for you, your family and up to one lodger.
  • Your house and garden don’t exceed 5,000 square metres – that’s about the size of a football pitch.

If any part of your home has been used purely for business purposes - for example if you have used a room solely as an office for all the time you've lived there - part of the gain you make will be eligible for CGT.

Paying capital gains tax is not part of the selling process, so if you think it applies to your circumstances, you will have to fill in a tax return and declare it to avoid problems at a later date. If you are in any doubt at all, contact your local tax office for the latest advice.

So How Much Will It Be?

To calculate the capital gain, you'll need to subtract the total costs, including the price that you purchased the house for, all the fees, stamp duty and agents' commission, from the proceeds of the sale. You can also subtract the cost of any major improvements, for example adding an extension. CGT will then apply to any gains over the Annual Exempt Amount (AEA), which in the 2007-2008 tax year is £9,200.

Pound Coins. Capital Gains Tax: Don't Get Stung

It's worth bearing in mind, however, that if you give a property away, or sell it for a low value, you'll still be liable - the tax is calculated on what it's worth, not what you actually get for it.

The taxable capital gains are then added to your taxable income, and the CGT rate is based on your income tax rate. So, until next April, this means a rate of 10 per cent, 20 per cent or 40 per cent.

From April 2008, however, things are looking slightly different. Alistair Darling has announced some major reforms to capital gains tax, including the introduction of a single rate of 18 per cent. So if you're thinking of selling before 6 April, you may want to consult an accountant now to see if it's worth hanging on until after the changes.

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  1. To respond to Paul's comment, the gain is not tapered but on the basis of the facts as presented most of the gain will be relieved. The house and garden/grounds up to 1.24 acres will be wholly exempt from CGT if it has always been the only or main residence. The additional 0.25 acres of garden land MAY be exempt if an area larger than 1.24 acres (0.5Ha) is required for the reasonable enjoyment of the dwellinghouse as a residence. If not, then the 0.25 acre area will be subject to CGT. The 7 acre field will be subject to CGT regardless.
    Posted by Mike on 25/08/2009 12:04:10
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  2. Your website, and the relevant tax websites state that people are liable to pay property tax if their garden and area of grounds sold with the house exceeds 5,000 square metres, which is about one and a quarter acres. This includes the site of the actual house itself. My parents own a house, with a barn next to it, and a garden with a tennis court in it; this covers about about 1 acre and and half. Adjoining this they own a field which is about 7 acres in size. This field is classed as agricultural land - and is actually not used for any particular purpose. It just lies fallow - and every so often the grass has to be cut by a hired tractor driver. My question is this: Why on earth should my parents be liable for Capital Gains Tax ON ALL THEIR PROPERTY - i.e. their house and garden, in addition to the field - when somenone who had just one a quarter acres is not liable for anything? Is it not totally iniquitous that just because they have a garden slightly larger than one and a quarter acres - and a further 7 acres of field - that they have to pay an 18% tax on their ENTIRE PROPERTY when the person who owns the one and quarter acres pays nothing at all? I am completely flabbergadsted; can you help me and explain this to me please? Is it not tapered so as to be not so utterly unfair? Paul
    Posted by Paul on 29/01/2009 23:00:06
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  3. Emma Jones' capital gains advice is misleading. Living in a house for a couple of months won't necessarily gain private residence relief. It isn't just living there that matters - it is the quality of occupation. If someone moves into a house knowing that it will only be for a few months, then relief is unlikely to be due. This is based on a tax case, Goodwin v Curtis.
    Posted by Mike on 03/10/2008 21:25:46
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  4. If i build an office/study extension on my house and claim the costs for building through my business I can recalim the vat. But what CGT will I be liable for when I sell the house. Is there anyway I can avoid CGT if I stop using the extension as an office for the business for a period of time before I sell the house?
    Posted by david whan on 26/09/2008 10:00:01
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